Hoʻolauna
ʻO ka ʻenehana mana ka pōhaku kihi o nā ʻenehana uila hou, a i ka holomua ʻana o ka ʻenehana, ke piʻi mau nei ke koi no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana ʻōnaehana mana. I kēia ʻano, he mea koʻikoʻi ke koho ʻana i nā mea semiconductor. ʻOiai ke hoʻohana nui ʻia nei nā semiconductor silicon (Si) kuʻuna, ʻo nā mea e puka mai nei e like me Gallium Nitride (GaN) a me Silicon Carbide (SiC) e piʻi nui ana i ka kaulana i nā ʻenehana mana kiʻekiʻe. E ʻimi kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau mea ʻekolu i ka ʻenehana mana, kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona noi, a me nā ʻano mākeke o kēia manawa e hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu e lilo ai ʻo GaN a me SiC i mea nui i nā ʻōnaehana mana e hiki mai ana.
1. Silika (Si) — Ka Mana Kuʻuna Semiconductor Material
1.1 Nā ʻano a me nā pono
ʻO Silicon ka mea paionia ma ke kahua semiconductor mana, me nā makahiki o ka noi ʻana i ka ʻoihana uila. Hōʻike nā mea hoʻohana ʻo Si-based i nā kaʻina hana oʻo a me kahi waihona noi ākea, e hāʻawi ana i nā pono e like me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa a me kahi kaulahao lako i hoʻokumu ʻia. Hōʻike nā mea silikoni i ka conductivity uila maikaʻi, e kūpono ana iā lākou no nā ʻano uila uila like ʻole, mai nā uila uila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hiki i nā ʻōnaehana ʻoihana mana kiʻekiʻe.
1.2 Nā palena
Eia nō naʻe, i ka ulu ʻana o ka koi no ka hana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana i nā ʻōnaehana mana, ʻike ʻia nā palena o nā mea hana silika. ʻO ka mea mua, hana maikaʻi ʻole ka silicon ma lalo o nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana wela, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka pono o ka ʻōnaehana. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka silicon e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻokele wela i nā noi mana kiʻekiʻe, e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana a me ke ola.
1.3 Nā Wahi Noi
Me kēia mau paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hana silika ma nā noi kuʻuna he nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kūʻai uila uila a me nā noi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e like me nā mea hoʻololi AC-DC, nā mea hoʻololi DC-DC, nā lako hale, a me nā lako kamepiula pilikino.
2. Gallium Nitride (GaN) - He Mea Hana Hana Kiʻekiʻe
2.1 Nā ʻano a me nā pono
ʻO Gallium Nitride kahi pūhaka ākeasemiconductormea i hōʻike ʻia e kahi kahua haʻihaʻi kiʻekiʻe, ka mobility electron kiʻekiʻe, a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka silika, hiki i nā mea hana GaN ke hana i nā alapine kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka nui o nā mea passive i nā lako mana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mana. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā mea GaN ke hoʻoikaika nui i ka ʻōnaehana mana ma muli o kā lākou haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā poho, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā noi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kiʻekiʻe.
2.2 Nā palena
ʻOiai ka maikaʻi o ka hana nui o GaN, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kāna mau kumukūʻai hana, e kaupalena ana i kona hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi kiʻekiʻe kahi e koʻikoʻi ai ka pono a me ka nui. Eia kekahi, aia nō ka ʻenehana GaN i kahi pae mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, me ka hilinaʻi lōʻihi a me ka ulu ʻana o ka hana nui e pono ai ka hōʻoia hou ʻana.
2.3 Wahi noi
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe a me nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe o nā mea GaN i alakaʻi i ko lākou hoʻokomo ʻana i nā kula e kū mai ana, me nā mea hoʻoili wikiwiki, nā lako mana kamaʻilio 5G, nā mea hoʻohuli maikaʻi, a me nā mea uila aerospace. Ke piʻi nei ka ʻenehana a me ka emi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai, manaʻo ʻia ʻo GaN e pāʻani i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi ma kahi ākea o nā noi.
3. ʻO Silicon Carbide (SiC) - ʻO ka mea i makemake ʻia no nā noi kiʻekiʻe-Voltage
3.1 Nā ʻano a me nā pono
ʻO Silicon Carbide kekahi mea ʻē aʻe bandgap semiconductor mea me kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka haki ʻana, thermal conductivity, a me ka wikiwiki saturation electron ma mua o ke silika. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā polokalamu SiC i nā noi uila kiʻekiʻe a me ka mana kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā kaʻa uila (EV) a me nā mea hoʻohuli ʻoihana. ʻO ka hoʻomanawanui kiʻekiʻe o SiC a me nā poho hoʻololi haʻahaʻa e lilo ia i koho kūpono no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mana kūpono a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mana.
3.2 Nā palena
E like me GaN, ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai o nā polokalamu SiC i ka hana ʻana, me nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī. Hoʻopili kēia i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi waiwai nui e like me nā ʻōnaehana mana EV, nā ʻōnaehana ikehu hou, nā mea hoʻohuli kiʻekiʻe-voltage, a me nā lako hana akamai.
3.3 Wahi noi
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi a kiʻekiʻe-voltage o SiC e hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea uila uila e hana ana i ka mana kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe-mehana kaiapuni, e like me nā mea hoʻohuli EV a me nā loina, nā mea hoʻohuli i ka lā kiʻekiʻe, nā ʻōnaehana makani, a me nā mea hou aku. Ke ulu nei ka noi o ka mākeke a me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana, e hoʻomau ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā polokalamu SiC i kēia mau kula.
4. Mākeʻa Kūʻai Kūʻai
4.1 Ka ulu wikiwiki o nā mākeke GaN a me SiC
I kēia manawa, ke hele nei ka mākeke ʻenehana mana i kahi hoʻololi, e neʻe mālie ana mai nā polokalamu silicon kuʻuna i nā polokalamu GaN a me SiC. Wahi a nā hōʻike noiʻi mākeke, ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka mākeke no nā polokalamu GaN a me SiC a ke manaʻo nei e hoʻomau i kāna huakaʻi ulu kiʻekiʻe i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. Hoʻokumu mua ʻia kēia ʻano e nā kumu he nui:
- **Ke piʻi ʻana o nā kaʻa uila**: Ke hoʻonui wikiwiki nei ka mākeke EV, ke piʻi nui nei ke koi no ka hana kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe-voltage semiconductors. ʻO nā mea SiC, ma muli o kā lākou hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā noi kiʻekiʻe-voltage, ua lilo i koho koho noPūnaehana mana EV.
- **Hoʻoulu Manaʻo Hoʻohou**: Pono nā ʻōnaehana hana ikehu hou, e like me ka mana o ka lā a me ka makani, i nā ʻenehana hoʻololi mana kūpono. ʻO nā mea SiC, me ko lākou kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hilinaʻi, hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia mau ʻōnaehana.
- **Hoʻomaikaʻi i nā Electronic Consumer**: Ke ulu nei nā mea uila e like me nā kelepona a me nā kamepiula i ka hana kiʻekiʻe a me ke ola pākaukau ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā polokalamu GaN i nā mea hoʻoili wikiwiki a me nā mea hoʻololi mana ma muli o ko lākou ʻano kiʻekiʻe a me nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe.
4.2 No ke aha e koho ai iā GaN a me SiC
ʻO ka nui o ka nānā ʻana iā GaN a me SiC ma muli o kā lākou hana kiʻekiʻe ma luna o nā polokalamu silika i nā noi kikoʻī.
- **Higher Efficiency**: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hāmeʻa GaN a me SiC i nā noi alapine kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe-voltage, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka nalowale o ka ikehu a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono o ka ʻōnaehana. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia i nā kaʻa uila, ka ikehu hou, a me nā mea hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe.
- **Liliʻiliʻi **: No ka mea hiki ke hana ʻo GaN a me SiC i nā alapine kiʻekiʻe, hiki i nā mea hoʻolālā mana ke hoʻemi i ka nui o nā mea passive, a laila e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka ʻōnaehana mana. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia no nā noi e koi ana i ka miniaturization a me nā hoʻolālā māmā, e like me nā mea uila uila a me nā lako aerospace.
- **Hoʻonui i ka hilinaʻi**: Hōʻike nā mea SiC i ke kūpaʻa wela ʻokoʻa a me ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā kaiapuni kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe-voltage, e hōʻemi ana i ka pono no ka hoʻoluʻu waho a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ola o ka mīkini.
5. Ka hopena
I ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻenehana mana hou, ʻo ke koho ʻana i nā mea semiconductor pili pono i ka hana ʻōnaehana a me ka hiki ke noi. ʻOiai ke hoʻomau nei ka silika i ka mākeke noi mana kuʻuna, ua lilo nā ʻenehana GaN a me SiC i nā koho kūpono no nā ʻōnaehana mana kūpono, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe i ko lākou ulu ʻana.
Ke komo koke nei ʻo GaN i ka mea kūʻaimea uilaa me nā ʻāpana kamaʻilio ma muli o kāna mau hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe a me nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ʻo SiC, me kāna mau pono kūʻokoʻa i nā noi kiʻekiʻe-voltage, nā mana kiʻekiʻe, e lilo ana i mea nui i nā kaʻa uila a me nā ʻōnaehana ikehu hou. Ke emi nei nā kumukūʻai a me ka holomua ʻana o ka ʻenehana, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo GaN a me SiC e hoʻololi i nā polokalamu silika i kahi ākea ākea o nā noi, e hoʻohuli ana i ka ʻenehana mana i kahi hana hou o ka hoʻomohala ʻana.
ʻAʻole e hoʻololi wale kēia kipi i alakaʻi ʻia e GaN a me SiC i ke ʻano o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana mana akā e hoʻopilikia nui i nā ʻoihana he nui, mai nā mea uila uila a hiki i ka hoʻokele ikehu, e hoʻohuli iā lākou i ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me nā kuhikuhi pili i ke kaiapuni.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-28-2024