He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā capacitors electrolytic alumini a me nā capacitors electrolytic polymer?

I ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano kūpono o ka capacitor no kahi noi uila, hiki ke paʻakikī pinepine nā koho. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano capacitor maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaapuni uila ʻo ia ka capacitor electrolytic. I loko o kēia māhele, aia ʻelua mau ʻano nui: nā capacitor electrolytic alumini a me nā capacitor electrolytic polymer. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau ʻano capacitor ʻelua he mea nui ia no ke koho ʻana i ka capacitor kūpono no kahi noi kikoʻī.

Nā capacitors electrolytic aluminiʻo ia ke ʻano kuʻuna a hoʻohana nui ʻia o nā capacitors electrolytic. Ua ʻike ʻia lākou no ko lākou waiwai capacitance kiʻekiʻe a me ka hiki ke lawelawe i nā pae voltage kiʻekiʻe. Hana ʻia kēia mau capacitors me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pepa i hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka electrolyte ma ke ʻano he dielectric a me ka alumini foil ma ke ʻano he electrodes. ʻO ka electrolyte maʻamau he wai a gel paha, a ʻo ia ka pilina ma waena o ka electrolyte a me ka alumini foil e hiki ai i kēia mau capacitors ke mālama a hoʻokuʻu i ka ikehu uila.

ʻO nā capacitors electrolytic polymer, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he ʻano capacitor electrolytic hou a ʻoi aku ka holomua. Ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi electrolyte wai a gel paha, hoʻohana nā capacitors polymer i kahi polymer conductive paʻa e like me ka electrolyte, e hopena ana i ka paʻa maikaʻi a me ka pale kūloko haʻahaʻa. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana solid-state i nā capacitors polymer ke hoʻonui i ka hilinaʻi, hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe, a hāʻawi i ka hana maikaʻi aʻe i nā noi alapine kiʻekiʻe a me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waenanā capacitors electrolytic aluminia ʻo nā capacitors electrolytic polymer ko lākou ola lawelawe. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ke ola o nā capacitors electrolytic alumini ma mua o nā capacitors polymer a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hāʻule ʻana ma muli o nā mea e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, ke kaumaha voltage, a me ke au ripple. ʻO nā capacitors polymer, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he lōʻihi ke ola lawelawe a ua hoʻolālā ʻia e kū i nā kūlana hana ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, e kūpono ai lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi koi.

ʻO kekahi ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ʻo ia ka ESR (like series resistance) o nā capacitors ʻelua. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ESR o nā capacitors electrolytic alumini i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā capacitors polymer. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kū'ē kūloko o nā capacitors polymer, e hopena ana i ka hana maikaʻi aʻe ma ke ʻano o ka lawelawe ʻana i ke au ripple, ka hana wela a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka mana.

Ma ke ʻano o ka nui a me ke kaumaha, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a me ka māmā o nā capacitors polymer ma mua o nā capacitors alumini o ka capacitance like a me ka helu voltage. ʻOi aku ka kūpono o kēia no nā mea uila liʻiliʻi a māmā, kahi e noʻonoʻo nui ai ka wahi a me ke kaumaha.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻoiai ʻo nā capacitors electrolytic alumini ka mea i makemake nui ʻia no nā makahiki he nui ma muli o ko lākou mau waiwai capacitance kiʻekiʻe a me nā helu voltage, hāʻawi nā capacitors electrolytic polymer i kekahi mau pono e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ka hana, ka hana, a me ka nui. ʻO ke koho ʻana ma waena o nā ʻano capacitors ʻelua e pili ana i nā koi kikoʻī o ka noi, e like me nā kūlana hana, nā palena o ka hakahaka, a me nā koi hana.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, loaʻa i nā capacitors electrolytic alumini a me nā capacitors electrolytic polymer ko lākou mau pono a me nā hemahema. I mea e koho ai i ke ʻano capacitor kūpono loa no kahi noi, he mea nui e noʻonoʻo pono i nā koi kikoʻī a me nā kūlana hana o ke kaapuni uila. Ke hoʻomau nei ka holomua o ka ʻenehana, ke lilo nei nā capacitors electrolytic polymer i mea kaulana ma muli o kā lākou hana i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia a me ka hilinaʻi, e lilo ana lākou i mea koho kūpono i nā capacitors electrolytic alumini kuʻuna i nā noi uila he nui.